The Ministry of Finance, in a reply to a Logos Press inquiry, notes that the bankrupt banks – Banca Socială S.A., Unibank S.A. and Banca de Economii S.A. – have repaid a significant part of the emergency loans, contributing funds both to the state budget and to the National Bank of Moldova.
“From the moment of license revocation (16.10.2015) until 31.10.2025, the banks in the process of liquidation made payments for the repayment of extraordinary credits in the total amount of 2,921 million lei, of which 780.6 million lei were repaid to the National Bank of Moldova and 2,140.4 million lei were transferred to the state budget. Also, the interest paid to the National Bank of Moldova on extraordinary credits amounted to 8.8 million lei,” the Finance Ministry said in a letter signed by Finance Minister Andrian Gavrilice.
As of 31.10.2025, the debt balance of banks in the process of liquidation amounts to 11,200.8 million lei, of which:
– “Banca de Economii” S.A. – 7,607 million lei;
– BC “Banca Socială” S.A. – 1,790 million lei;
– BC “Unibank” S.A. – 1,803.8 million lei.
“In addition, we note that the main mechanisms for recovering funds include the work of liquidators of failed banks, who realize their assets, and criminal prosecution bodies investigating bank fraud, after which the damage caused is to be recovered in accordance with the law from persons whose guilt has been or can be judicially established,” the ministry specified.
The ministry also draws attention to a special section on the official page of the Ministry of Finance dedicated to the return of funds: https://mf.gov.md/ro/content/recuperarea-activelor-fraudate.
As a reminder, in November 2014, the government of Iurie Leanca, based on the proposals of the NBM and the decisions of the National Committee for Financial Stability, issued state guarantees for emergency loans granted by the National Bank “to ensure the stability of the financial system”. The first guarantee for up to LE 9,500 million was issued in November 2014, and the second one for up to LE 5,340 million was issued in March 2015. These guarantees were used for NBM’s emergency credit lines for three banks – Banca de Economii S.A., Banca Socială S.A. and Unibank S.A., covering most of the amounts granted, in accordance with the use of credits.
On October 3, 2016, through the assumption of responsibility by the Government (led by Pavel Filip) before the Parliament, the Law on the issuance of State Bonds was adopted to repay the Government’s debt to the NBM arising from the respective State guarantees. According to this law, the debt was converted into long-term government bonds with a maturity of up to 25 years and an effective interest rate of 5% p.a., totaling up to 13.58 billion lei.
On June 17, 2021, PSRM deputies filed a request on the constitutionality of the Law on the issuance of state bonds. However, the Constitutional Court recognized this request as “inadmissible”.
